Fundamental and derived properties of yam dioscorea spp. Russell marker developed the extraction and manufacture of hormones from d. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Wild yam dioscorea villosa plant profiler sigmaaldrich.
The main saponin from the fresh tuber of dioscorea composita was dioscin and. Datta k 1984 chemodifferentiation of diosgenin in dioscorea composita. Read what dioscorea villosa root extract is doing in your skincare and cosmetic formulas and browse products you can find it in. Dioscorea yam species comprise a genus of 6 tuberous climbing plants. P dioscorea composita dioscoreaceae pdf back to previous. Escambia, gadsden, leon, levy, charlotte, lee, and dade wunderlin et al. Predicting the potential global distribution of diosgenin. Dioscorea deltoidea is a perennial climbing plant, producing vigorous annual stems from a large underground tuber.
Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Da9801, a mixture of extracts from dioscorea japonica thunb. The root and the bulb of the plant are used as a source of diosgenin, which is prepared as an extract, a. For more multimedia, look at dioscorea composita on wikimedia commons. Media in category dioscorea composita this category contains only the following file.
This antispasmodic property means that wild yam might be useful for reducing cramps and muscular pain related to premenstrual syndrome pms. The institute of food and agricultural sciences ifas is an equal opportunity institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with nondiscrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. When the solid loading was increased from 12% to 32%, the ethanol. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. An dioscorea composita in nahilalakip ha genus nga dioscorea, ngan familia nga dioscoreaceae. The plant dioscorea composita has important applications in the medical and energy industries, and can be used for the extraction of steroidal sapogenins important raw materials for the synthesis of steroidal drugs and bioethanol production. National plant germplasm system covid19 update, march 23, 2020. It contains a chemical, diosgenin, which can be made in the laboratory into various steroids, such as estrogen and dehydroepiandrosterone dhea. Metabolite profiling of dioscorea yam species reveals. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its descriptor numbers are given in parentheses beside the present.
Micropropagation of medicinal dioscorea species springerlink. Ethanol production from mixtures of sugarcane bagasse and. Before requesting germplasm, scientists should consider their capacity to receive it. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized populations in 7 counties. Read more about the prescription drug wild yam dioscorea villosa oral. There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking wild yam if you are pregnant or breast feeding. The pdf file linked from each plant community name describes the model and synthesizes the knowledge available on vegetation composition, structure, and dynamics in that community. Wild yam is believed that it has antispasmodic properties, which are substances that reduce muscle spasms. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, and each group was designated according. Effects of storage on germination of dioscorea composita. Comparative analysis of diosgenin in dioscorea species and. Among all cooking methods, stirfried thick yam slices and yam stew are the most common practices. General information dioscorea composita is a herbaceous perennial climbing plant producing annual stems from a tuberous rootstock.
Dioscorea is a genus of great economic value, including important food plants. Dioscorea batatas is the taxonomic name generally used in the united states29. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Dioscorea oppositifolia is a fast growing twining vine that has escaped from cultivation. Large perennial herbs with twining annual stems arising from tubers.
This saponin is present in species originating in north america or in asia. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Effects of storage were tested on germination of dioscorea composita dioscoreaceae seeds. It can survive in a number of different habitats and environmental conditions, but is most commonly found at the edges of rich, mesic bottomland forests, along stream banks and drainageways and near fencerows. Chinese yam, also known as dioscorea opposita or shan yao in pinyin, has long been used as a congenital and acquired tonic, earning it the name fairy food. Several species are widely cultivated in many cultivars including dioscorea alata d.
An ultraperformance liquid chromatography uplc coupled with diode. An dioscorea composita in uska species han liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni william botting hemsley. Leaves alternate or opposite, simple or palmately compound, cordatesagittate or hastate, multicostate with reticulate and divergent venation, often bearing bulbils in their axils. The complete paper in pdf format, bitterness and toxicity in wild yam dioscorea spp. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both. Biological source it essentially comprises of the dried tubers of dioscorea delitoidea wall. Pdf dioscorea deltoidea is belongs to family dioscoreaceae which produce rhizomes or bulbils, having rich medicinal and economic value. Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates. Wild yam is possibly safe when taken by mouth or applied to the skin. Pdf metabolite profiling of dioscorea yam species reveals. Dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea convolvulacea yam dioscorea dumetorum bitter. Dioscorea composita, or barbasco, is a species of yam in the genus dioscorea, native to.
Wild yam dioscorea villosa oral side effects, medical. Diosgenin was isolated from different parts of a threeyearold plant of dioscorea composite. The amerindian yam dioscorea trifida is a food plant native to the amazon region. A spirostanol glycoside from wild yam dioscorea villosa extract. Therapeutic potential of dioscorea extract da9801 in. Variations were observed in the mean granular diameter of the starches obtained from the different dioscorea species. Dioscorea used in chinese medicine with the example of.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Diosgenin is a steroidal saponin, which is extracted from the root of wild yam dioscorea villosa and other species. This type of plant needs sunlight during the coolest hours of the day so usually right. Phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of medicinal. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. To keep proper soil moisture, one needs to give 12 cups of water every 45 weeks. Wild yam contains a chemical that can be made into various steroids, such as estrogen, in the laboratory. Ars germplasm resources information network dico15 integrated taxonomic information system dico15. To screen potential resource from dioscorea species and related medicinal plants for diosgenin extraction, a rapid method to compare the contents of diosgenin in various plants is crucial. Dioscorea is a genus of flowering plants, and some dioscorea species are known and used as a source for the steroidal sapogenin diosgenin.
Dioscorea composita in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Like many other vegetatively propagated crops, yam diseases are also perpetuated and spread mainly through infected planting materials. Floral phenology, seed germination and hybrid plants of the. Pdf the tradicional use of the species of the genus dioscorea. It is named after the ancient greek physician and botanist dioscorides. Dioscorea root extract benefit and side effects by ray sahelian, m. The stems scramble over the ground or twine into nearby plants for support. Several species are widely cultivated in many cultivars several species are widely cultivated in many cultivars including dioscorea alata, d. Dioscorea composita, or barbasco, is a species of yam in the genus dioscorea, native to mexico. It is notable for its role in the production of diosgenin, which is a precursor for the synthesis of hormones such as progesterone. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Wild yam is an herbal extract native to north america, mexico and china with active ingredient diosgenin.
It is also synonymous with dioscorea oppositifolia. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 241057 with original publication details. It would need a very rich soil content which is filled with potassium and phosphorous, but lacks nitrogen. However, little is known at the genetic level about how sapogenins are biosynthesized in this plant. A comparative investigation of the fundamental and derived properties of starches from some species of yam dioscorea spp. The species considered to be yams are defined by their constituent, diosgenin. In this study, a large occurrence dataset 1808 data points of diosgenincontained dioscorea species was obtained from eastern asia, southern north america and southern africa. However, the body cant change wild yam to estrogen. Dioscoreaceae yam family medicinal use of chinese yam. Dioscorea batatas is called chinese yam, cinnamon yam, wild yam, or common yam. It is a highly invasive plant included in the global compendium of weeds randall, 2012, and which creates management problems in many parts.
Chemodifferentiation of diosgenin in dioscorea composita. Tubers of nepal, plant foods for human nutrition 60. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic potential of da9801, in comparison with alpha lipoic acid ala, for peripheral nerves preservation in experimental diabetes. Description dioscorea batatas is a twining herbaceous. The chinese yam, called shan yao in chinese herbalism, is a sweet soothing herb that stimulates the stomach and spleen and has a tonic effect on the lungs and kidneys. Consumer information about the medication wild yam dioscorea villosa oral, includes side effects, drug interactions, recommended dosages, and storage information. Along with the data for six critical environmental parameters and one soil factor, geographic information system for global medicinal plant was applied to predict the potential suitable distribution of. There are several herbs derived from species of dioscorea used in chinese herb formulas, though only two are.
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